Performance analysis of gravity chemical blockers in the treatment of rising damp in masonry walls
Abstract
The objective of this work is the performance analysis of the rising damp treatment in walls, through the use of chemical blockers (i.e., crystallizing and water repellant) available in the Brazilian market, with their introduction by gravity. As there are no standardized tests for such a study, experiments conducted by other researchers were used as a reference. The evaluation of the rising damp was achieved by the calculation of the water absorption rate in the specimens, allied with the images obtained by the thermographic camera. From the results, it was concluded that the treatment did not completely reduce the pathological manifestation in the walls, but both products performed well and managed to reduce the water absorption rate considerably.
Downloads
References
Alfano, G., Chiancarella, C., Cirillo, E., Fato, I. F. (2006), Long-term performance of chemical damp-proof courses: twelve years of laboratory testing. Building and Environment. 41:1060-1069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.04.017
Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas. (2005). NBR 13276: Argamassa para assentamento e revestimento de paredes e tetos – Preparo da mistura e determinação do índice de consistência. Rio de Janeiro.
Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas. (2005). NBR 15270: Componentes cerâmicos parte 3: Blocos cerâmicos para alvenaria estrutural e de vedação – Métodos de ensaio. Rio de Janeiro.
Bertolini, L. (2010), “Materiali da costruzione: degrado, prevenzione, diagnose, restauro”, Editore CittàStudi; 2ª ed., Sondrio/Italy.
Carrió, J. M. (1997), “Patología de Cerramientos y Acabados Arquitectónicos”, Munilla-Leria; 2ª ed., Madrid/Spain.
Dreyer, J., Hecht, C. (2001), Injection methods for retrofitting of moisture damaged constructions. Transactions on the Built Environment. 55: 517-526.
Franzoni, E. (2018), State-of-the-art on methods for reducing rising damp in masonry. Journal of Cultural Heritage. 31: S3-S9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2018.04.001
Franzoni, E. (2014), Rising damp removal from historical masonries: a still open challenge. Construction and Building Materials. 54: 123-136.
Franzoni, E., Rirsch, E., Paselli, Y. (2016). “Laboratory models for the assessment of the effectiveness of chemical damp-proofing in masonry: existing methods and some proposals for new fixtures”, in: International RILEM Conference Materials, Paris.
Freitas, R. J. G. (2014), “Técnicas de tratamento/controle da humidade ascensional – Catálogo”, Masters Thesis, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Porto.
Freitas, V.P.; Torres, M.I.M.; Guimarães, A. S. (2008), “Humidade Ascensional”, FEUP edições; 1.ª ed., Porto/Portugal.
Guimarães, A. S., Delgado, M. P. Q., De Freitas, V. P. (2016), Treatment of rising damp in historic buildings: experimental campaign of wall base ventilation and interface effect analysis. Cultural Heritage. 20: 733-738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2016.02.012
Hacquebord, A., Lubelli, B., Lubelli, R., Nijland, T. (2013), Evaluation of spreading and effectiveness of injection products against rising damp in mortar/brick combinations. Procedia Chemistry. 8: 139–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proche.2013.03.019
Hess, R. P. J., Lubelli, B. H. A. (2018), New test methods to verify the performance of chemical injections to deal with rising damp. Journal of Cultural Heritage. 31: S52-S59.
Henriques, F. M. A. (1994), “Humidade em Paredes”. Lisboa: Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil.
Henriques, F. M. A. (2007), “Humidade em Paredes”. Lisboa: Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil.
I’anson, S. J., Hoff, W. D. (1988), Chemical injection remedial treatments for rising damp-I. The interaction of damp-proofing fluids with porous building materials. Building and Environment. 23: 171-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-1323(88)90001-7
Larsen, P. L. (2012), Determination of water content in brick masonry walls using a dielectric probe. Journal of Architectural Conservation. 18, 47-62. https://doi.org/10.1080/13556207.2012.10785103
Lubelli, B., Van Hees, R. P. J., Hacquebord, A. (2013), Experimental study of the distribution of chemical products against rising damp in substrates with different water saturation degrees. Construction and Building Materials. 40: 891-898. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.11.062
Luso, E. (2002), “Contribuição para intervenções no Centro Histórico de Bragança”. Masters Thesis, Universidade de Minho, Minho.
Massari G., Massari I. (1993), Damp Buildings, Old and New. ICCROM, 17: 2-30.
Rirsch, E., Zhang, Z. (2010), Rising damp in masonry walls and the importance of mortar properties. Construction and Building Materials. 24: 1815-1820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.04.024
Sandrolini, F., Franzoni, E. (2016), An operative protocol for reliable measurements of moisture in porous materials of ancient buildings. Building and Environment. 41: 1372-1380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.05.023
Socoloski, R. F. (2015), “Tratamento de umidade ascensional em paredes através de barreiras químicas por gravidade”, Masters Thesis, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre.
Socoloski, R. F., Masuero, A. B. (2019), Evaluation of the efficiency of the treatment for rising damp on walls through the insertion of chemical barriers by gravity. Construction and Building Materials. 210: 660-672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.018
Torres, I. M. (2013), Wall base ventilation system to treat rising damp: the influence of the size of the channels. Journal of Cultural Heritage. 15: 121-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2013.03.005
Torres, R. J. de M. M. (2014), “Humidades ascensionais em paredes de alvenaria de edifícios antigos”, Masters Thesis, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Lisboa, 2014.
_______________________________
License in effect from September 2020
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
.png)
